Which ethical principle is respected when a patient refuses chemotherapy despite its potential to cure?

The correct answer relates to the principle of autonomy, which emphasizes the right of individuals to make decisions about their own lives and medical treatment. When a patient refuses chemotherapy, they are exercising their autonomy by making an informed choice about their care, even if that choice conflicts with medical recommendations or the potential benefits of treatment. This principle acknowledges the importance of respecting a person’s preferences and values, allowing them to have control over their own healthcare decisions.

This respect for autonomy is central to ethical practice in healthcare, as it honors individual rights and promotes informed consent. Patients should be provided with all necessary information about their treatment options, risks, and benefits so they can make decisions that align with their personal beliefs and values. In this scenario, the refusal of chemotherapy, despite its potential for cure, illustrates the importance of recognizing and respecting the patient’s right to choose their path, even if it may not align with their healthcare team's recommendations.