What non-pharmacologic treatment is recommended for a patient experiencing end-of-life dyspnea?

Using a fan to increase air circulation is a well-supported non-pharmacologic treatment for patients experiencing end-of-life dyspnea. The gentle airflow created by the fan can enhance the sensation of comfort and ease breathing. It works by promoting evaporative cooling and providing a feeling of freshness, which can help alleviate the sense of breathlessness. This method is particularly beneficial because it is non-invasive, easy to implement, and can significantly improve the patient’s comfort level during a distressing time.

In contrast, encouraging hydration, while important in many aspects of care, may not be practical or helpful for patients in the end stages of life who may no longer be able to swallow effectively or have decreased appetite. Raising the temperature in the room is contrary to the best practices for managing dyspnea, as a cooler environment is typically more comfortable and reduces the sensation of breathlessness. Lowering the head of the bed may not provide the needed support and comfort, as most patients find that a more upright position helps alleviate dyspnea by facilitating better lung expansion and improving oxygen exchange.