What are common side effects of radiation therapy?

Radiation therapy is a common treatment for cancer that targets and destroys cancerous cells. However, this treatment can also affect healthy tissues, leading to several typical side effects. Fatigue is a frequent complaint among patients undergoing radiation therapy due to the body’s increased energy demands to repair damaged cells and tissues. Skin irritation, which may manifest as redness, peeling, or sensitivity in the area being treated, is also a notable side effect, particularly when radiation is administered to areas close to the skin. Additionally, nausea can occur, especially if radiation is directed toward the abdomen or gastrointestinal areas. This combination of fatigue, skin irritation, and nausea aligns with the body’s response to both the treatment itself and the healing process.

The other options provided do not accurately represent typical reactions to radiation therapy. Increased appetite and weight gain are not common side effects, as patients might experience a decrease in appetite instead. Hair growth and improved energy are also not associated with radiation therapy; in fact, hair may be lost in the treated areas, and fatigue often prevents patients from feeling energetic. Lastly, the immune response may not be enhanced but rather suppressed or affected negatively, depending on the extent and type of radiation therapy used. Understanding these side effects is crucial for managing patient care effectively